Search to the Halabja dialect was supported by a letter

c) The brand new eastern Jewish dialects share numerous has: best stress (1), changes off [Theta] to at least one (4), reinterpretation out of verb group since the profile (5), and you will reflexive pronouns predicated on nos- (17). These are areal possess and this duration the essential divide ranging from Halabja on the one-hand and you will Koy Sanjaq and you will Azerbaijan for the most other. This is simply not clear in which dialect each originates, however they are almost certainly lent from just one on others and never inherited in common.

Such about three significant clusters off isoglosses portray just a tiny region of one’s proof that’s brought to sustain towards the taxonomy of NENA dialects. Hoberman (1988, 573), playing with facts regarding pronouns, shows the existence of a northern Iraqi dialect category (here portrayed from the Zakho, Tisqopa, and you will Aradhin) and that cannot be observed on the basis of the minimal study demonstrated right here. All it takes now could be both thicker descriptions of one’s dialects already reported, making sure that usual and determining properties is available, and then have field-work so you can record the numerous languages which happen to be towards the verge of extinction.

1 Thank you are due to people that contributed studies and you may guidance, such as Gene Gragg, Robert Hoberman, and you may Jo Rubba. Age.H. summer stipend.

Like, f and grams have been chose in terminology instance etrog ‘citron’ and you may sefer ‘scroll of law’, where throughout the inherited Aramaic language f could have become p and grams could have disappeared

step three Garbell (1964, 100-103) states that the audio system of Jewish Azerbaiaic off Kurdish. The lady top evidence for this is the pronunciation out of Hebrew loan-words within this dialect. Hebrew loanwords when you look at the Jewish Azerbaijani retain certain music which have been erased otherwise matched with others regarding the prominent Neo-Aramaic words. Garbell says that these retentions establish that these Hebrew terms was in fact lent to start with for the Kurdish, hence a team of Kurdish audio system after shifted to help you Neo-Aramaic. It seems likely to be your Hebrew points throughout the dialect failed to participate in the fresh new sound alterations in concern because of the brand new unique religious sign in to which they belong . They may need changed and been recovered on the basis of your own old-fashioned pronunciation regarding neighboring groups.

cuatro An increasing + indicates that the next keyword is noticable on suprasegmental ability ’emphasis’ that is discover somewhat in all NENA dialects. Phonetically, emphasis is actually complex, but their number 1 component try velarization, and is also commonly as a result of the existence of the latest emphatic consonants t and you can s.

7 From the dialect of Tyari [Theta] tend to gets s. Which dialect, which was spoken just before 1915 in the a local regarding Hakkari, isn’t talked about here as material involved is actually not enough.

8 This is simply not clear whether this form can be found from inside the the Halabja dialect. My personal informants from there know it, however, told you it actually was even more feature of your neighboring city of Suleimaniya. Regardless, it is unfamiliar throughout the dialect of your own Jews off Sanandaj.

nine Robert Hoberman ways if you ask me the NENA versions get currently have came from a keen unattested metathesized elizabeth[Theta]peel ezdi.

Boyarin, Daniel. 1981. When you look at the Bono Homini Donum: Essays inside the Historic Linguistics inside Memory of J. Alexander Kerns, ed. Yoel L. Arbeitman and you may Allan Roentgen. Bomhard. Amsterdam Degree throughout the Concept and you may Reputation for Linguistic Research, collection IV. Current Issues from inside the Linguistic Idea 16. Part II, 613-forty-two. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

A query into the Creation of one’s Middle Aramaic Languages

Garbell, Irene. 1964. Flat Words and you will Syllables inside Jewish East The fresh Aramaic of Persian Azerbaijan in addition to Continguous Areas (An issue of Multilingualism). For the Training in Egyptology and you will Linguistics honoring H. J. Polotsky, ed. H. B. Rosen, 86-103. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Area.